钢衬塑储(chu)罐在生(sheng)命环境(jing)下(xia)才能正常(chang)使用?
为了钢(gang)(gang)衬(chen)塑(su)(su)储(chu)罐在使(shi)用中(zhong)的安全问题,钢(gang)(gang)衬(chen)塑(su)(su)反应釜维(wei)(wei)护检(jian)(jian)修(xiu)是(shi)必不可(ke)少了,有了钢(gang)(gang)衬(chen)塑(su)(su)储(chu)罐维(wei)(wei)护检(jian)(jian)修(xiu)对(dui)于生(sheng)命安全上有着重大(da)的意义。下面是(shi)钢(gang)(gang)衬(chen)塑(su)(su)储(chu)罐维(wei)(wei)护检(jian)(jian)修(xiu)说明,详细解(jie)说钢(gang)(gang)衬(chen)塑(su)(su)储(chu)罐维(wei)(wei)护检(jian)(jian)修(xiu)各个重要项目。
钢衬塑储(chu)罐(guan)(guan)的(de)定期(qi)安全检(jian)(jian)(jian)验(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)可分为外(wai)部(bu)(bu)(bu)检(jian)(jian)(jian)验(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)、内(nei)(nei)外(wai)部(bu)(bu)(bu)检(jian)(jian)(jian)验(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)与全面(mian)检(jian)(jian)(jian)验(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)。而检(jian)(jian)(jian)查的(de)周期(qi)需要(yao)根据储(chu)罐(guan)(guan)设(she)备的(de)技术状(zhuang)况以及使(shi)用条件,通常每年(nian)最(zui)少(shao)(shao)要(yao)进行一(yi)(yi)次(ci)外(wai)部(bu)(bu)(bu)检(jian)(jian)(jian)验(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan),内(nei)(nei)外(wai)部(bu)(bu)(bu)检(jian)(jian)(jian)验(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)每三年(nian)至少(shao)(shao)一(yi)(yi)次(ci),而全面(mian)检(jian)(jian)(jian)查每6年(nian)至少(shao)(shao)一(yi)(yi)次(ci)。如果(guo)储(chu)罐(guan)(guan)的(de)使(shi)用期(qi)已(yi)达(da)15年(nian),应(ying)每两年(nian)进行一(yi)(yi)次(ci)内(nei)(nei)外(wai)部(bu)(bu)(bu)检(jian)(jian)(jian)验(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan);若(ruo)使(shi)用期(qi)已(yi)达(da)20年(nian),应(ying)每年(nian)至少(shao)(shao)一(yi)(yi)次(ci)内(nei)(nei)外(wai)部(bu)(bu)(bu)检(jian)(jian)(jian)验(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)。经过定期(qi)检(jian)(jian)(jian)验(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)的(de)储(chu)罐(guan)(guan),由(you)检(jian)(jian)(jian)验(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)人员提出检(jian)(jian)(jian)验(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)报(bao)告(gao),指明储(chu)罐(guan)(guan)可否(fou)继续使(shi)用,或者需要(yao)采取特(te)殊(shu)监测等(deng)措施(shi)。检(jian)(jian)(jian)验(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)报(bao)告(gao)应(ying)存入储(chu)罐(guan)(guan)技术档案(an)内(nei)(nei)。
钢(gang)衬(chen)(chen)塑储(chu)(chu)罐(guan)在很多环(huan)境(jing)下使用都是存在一定(ding)的(de)安全隐患的(de),所以大(da)(da)家一定(ding)要(yao)弄清楚(chu)钢(gang)衬(chen)(chen)塑储(chu)(chu)罐(guan)的(de)适合的(de)工(gong)作环(huan)境(jing)。钢(gang)衬(chen)(chen)塑储(chu)(chu)罐(guan)需要(yao)在什么环(huan)境(jing)才能正(zheng)常使用呢?下面双诚环(huan)保小(xiao)编(bian)就要(yao)给大(da)(da)家介绍一下钢(gang)衬(chen)(chen)塑储(chu)(chu)罐(guan)使用环(huan)境(jing)要(yao)求:
钢衬塑储罐(guan)(guan)工程(cheng)(cheng)地(di)(di)基(ji)(ji)勘察和罐(guan)(guan)基(ji)(ji)础设计是确保大(da)型储罐(guan)(guan)安全(quan)运营最根本(ben)的(de)保证。根据石化行业标准规定,必须(xu)在(zai)工程(cheng)(cheng)选(xuan)址过程(cheng)(cheng)中进(jin)行工程(cheng)(cheng)地(di)(di)质勘察,针对一般地(di)(di)基(ji)(ji)、软土(tu)地(di)(di)基(ji)(ji)、山区地(di)(di)基(ji)(ji)和特殊(shu)土(tu)地(di)(di)基(ji)(ji),分别探明(ming)情况,提(ti)出(chu)相(xiang)应(ying)(ying)的(de)地(di)(di)基(ji)(ji)处理方法,同时还应(ying)(ying)作场(chang)地(di)(di)和地(di)(di)基(ji)(ji)的(de)地(di)(di)震效应(ying)(ying)评价(jia),避免(mian)建在(zai)软硬不一的(de)地(di)(di)基(ji)(ji)上或活动性地(di)(di)质断裂带的(de)影响范围内。
将储罐(guan)(guan)内(nei)部介质排除干净(jing),用盲板隔断(duan)(duan)与其连(lian)接(jie)的(de)(de)设(she)备和(he)管道,并应(ying)有(you)明(ming)显(xian)的(de)(de)隔断(duan)(duan)标(biao)记。将储罐(guan)(guan)内(nei)残留气(qi)体进行置(zhi)换清洗处理,并取样分析达到安全(quan)标(biao)准。打开储罐(guan)(guan)全(quan)部人(ren)孔,拆除罐(guan)(guan)体内(nei)件,清除内(nei)壁污物。切(qie)断(duan)(duan)与储罐(guan)(guan)有(you)关的(de)(de)电(dian)源(yuan)。进入罐(guan)(guan)内(nei)检验(yan)时,应(ying)使(shi)用电(dian)压不(bu)超过(guo)12V或(huo)24V的(de)(de)低压防爆灯,罐(guan)(guan)外还必(bi)(bi)须(xu)有(you)专人(ren)监护(hu)(hu)。检验(yan)仪器(qi)和(he)修理工具的(de)(de)电(dian)源(yuan)电(dian)压超过(guo)36V时,必(bi)(bi)须(xu)采用绝缘(yuan)良好(hao)的(de)(de)软线和(he)可靠的(de)(de)接(jie)地线。罐(guan)(guan)区应(ying)配备消防、安全(quan)和(he)救(jiu)护(hu)(hu)设(she)施。如需动(dong)火作业,必(bi)(bi)须(xu)按规定办理动(dong)火审批手续。
钢衬(chen)塑储罐(guan)内(nei)外表面有(you)(you)腐(fu)(fu)蚀等现象时,应对有(you)(you)怀疑部位(wei)进行多(duo)处壁(bi)厚测量。测量的(de)壁(bi)厚如小(xiao)于设计最(zui)小(xiao)壁(bi)厚时,应重(zhong)新进行强(qiang)度核定(ding)(ding),并(bing)提出可否(fou)继续使用(yong)(yong)和(he)许用(yong)(yong)最(zui)高(gao)工(gong)作压力的(de)建议。罐(guan)体内(nei)壁(bi)有(you)(you)脱炭、应力腐(fu)(fu)蚀、晶间腐(fu)(fu)蚀和(he)疲劳裂纹等缺陷时,应进行金相检(jian)验(yan)和(he)表面硬度测定(ding)(ding),并(bing)提出检(jian)验(yan)报告。
一(yi)般来(lai)说,钢衬塑储罐(guan)都有一(yi)定的(de)使用(yong)年限,然而(er)在(zai)使用(yong)期间(jian)也会出现(xian)一(yi)系列的(de)问(wen)题,所以在(zai)使用(yong)期间(jian)为预防钢衬塑储罐(guan)问(wen)题的(de)出现(xian),有了(le)一(yi)套基本的(de)维护(hu)检修技术,从根本上解决钢衬塑储罐(guan)腐(fu)蚀渗漏原(yuan)因。
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