换(huan)热器的分类(lei)及(ji)应用(yong)有(you)哪些(xie)?

　　目前，换热(re)器是(shi)实现化(hua)工生产过程中热(re)量(liang)交换和传(chuan)递不可缺(que)少(shao)的(de)(de)设备。在热(re)量(liang)交换中常有(you)一些腐蚀性、氧化(hua)性很强的(de)(de)物料，因(yin)此，要求制造换热(re)器的(de)(de)材(cai)料具(ju)有(you)抗强腐蚀性能。

　　随着经济(ji)的发展，各种(zhong)不(bu)同型式和种(zhong)类的换(huan)(huan)热(re)(re)器(qi)发展很快，新(xin)(xin)结构、新(xin)(xin)材料的换(huan)(huan)热(re)(re)器(qi)不(bu)断涌现。

　　热(re)(re)(re)(re)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)分类比(bi)较广泛(fan)：反(fan)应釜　压力容(rong)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)　冷凝器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)　反(fan)应锅　螺旋(xuan)板式(shi)(shi)换(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)热(re)(re)(re)(re)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)　波纹(wen)管换(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)热(re)(re)(re)(re)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)　列管换(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)热(re)(re)(re)(re)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)　板式(shi)(shi)换(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)热(re)(re)(re)(re)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)　螺旋(xuan)板换(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)热(re)(re)(re)(re)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)　管壳式(shi)(shi)换(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)热(re)(re)(re)(re)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)　容(rong)积式(shi)(shi)换(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)热(re)(re)(re)(re)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)　浮头式(shi)(shi)换(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)热(re)(re)(re)(re)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)　管式(shi)(shi)换(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)热(re)(re)(re)(re)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)　热(re)(re)(re)(re)管换(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)热(re)(re)(re)(re)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)　汽水换(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)热(re)(re)(re)(re)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)　换(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)热(re)(re)(re)(re)机组　石墨换(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)热(re)(re)(re)(re)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)空气(qi)换(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)热(re)(re)(re)(re)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)　钛换(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)热(re)(re)(re)(re)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)　换(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)热(re)(re)(re)(re)设(she)备，要求(qiu)制造换(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)热(re)(re)(re)(re)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)材料具有(you)抗强腐蚀性能。它可(ke)以用石墨、陶瓷、玻璃等(deng)非(fei)金(jin)属材料以及(ji)不锈钢、钛、钽(tan)、锆等(deng)金(jin)属材料制成(cheng)。

　　用石墨、陶(tao)瓷、玻璃等材料(liao)制(zhi)成的有(you)易碎、体积大(da)、导(dao)热差等缺(que)点(dian)，用钛(tai)、钽、锆(gao)等稀有(you)金(jin)属制(zhi)成的换(huan)热器(qi)价格过于昂贵，不(bu)锈钢(gang)则(ze)难(nan)耐许多(duo)腐蚀(shi)性介质，并产生晶间腐蚀(shi)。

　　换热器在石油、化工(gong)、轻工(gong)、制(zhi)药、能源(yuan)等(deng)工(gong)业生(sheng)产中，常常需(xu)要把(ba)(ba)(ba)低温流体(ti)加热或(huo)者(zhe)把(ba)(ba)(ba)高(gao)温流体(ti)冷(leng)却，把(ba)(ba)(ba)液(ye)体(ti)汽(qi)(qi)化成蒸(zheng)汽(qi)(qi)或(huo)者(zhe)把(ba)(ba)(ba)蒸(zheng)汽(qi)(qi)冷(leng)凝成液(ye)体(ti)。这(zhei)些过程均和(he)热量传(chuan)递有着(zhe)密切(qie)联系，因而均可以通(tong)过换热器来完成。